02 June 2025

Two Donner Quotes

On Friday, 16 May, someone shared on Facebook a quote by J. H. Donner concerning the difficulty of converting a winning position into a win. Donner's words were that he "cannot stand" such positions, while he "loves" all other types of chess positions, even "a bad position". The statement comes from an article, "On the Justice of Chess", that he wrote in 1950 and that was reprinted in The King: Chess Pieces (2006), 17-20.

The shared quote inspired me somewhat two days after I read it on Facebook. While going through a long and difficult game that I won, my opponent and I were examining a position that had occurred one-third of the way through the game. I was clearly worse. "You should have resigned," Mark said. My position was quite bleak. I was down an exchange plus pawn and my pieces had no play.

Black to move
Havrilla -- Stripes 2025

Perhaps it was about this time that I walked over to the wall charts to see Mark's rating. It was close to mine (ten points lower). We were both low-A Class. I've been A-Class long enough to know that anyone at such a level probably has defects in their game.

My position was clearly worse, but my opponent still had some work to perform. A resignable position in my view is one where I could turn the board around, take my opponent's side, and defeat Magnus Carlsen, or Stockfish, or Carlsen and Stockfish working together.

Donner's assertion, which I could no longer find where I'd remembered seeing it on Facebook, was made in the context of two games he played against Borislav Milic in a match between Yugoslavia and the Netherlands. Although Donner reached a clearly superior position in both games, he managed only half a point.

Black to move
Donner -- Milic 1950

In comments on the position above, he wrote, "Decent players resign in such a position. Black did not and managed a draw" (19).

Knowing that my opponent was quite strong, but not so strong that a few errors might led me swindle a draw from my nearly hopeless position, I opted to play on.

Twelve moves after the position that Mark and I were examining postgame when he thought that I should resign, I snatched an important pawn with 33…Nxa4.

White to move
Havrilla -- Stripes 2025

My game remained objectively worse, but at least my pieces had some play. While discussing the game afterwards with some others at the tournament, I described my knight as a fly buzzing in my opponent's face. I expressed some empathy for the difficulty of contending with such irritation.

The game continued, 34.Rc8 Bc5+ 35.Kg2 Rxc8 36.Bxc8 Nxc3 37.Rc1 Ne2 38.Rf1 b6

White to move
Havrilla -- Stripes 2025

I began to feel that a draw was a real possibility. After 39.Kf3 Nd4+ 40.Kg4 a4! I was certain that I could hold the game.

Neither of us played the best moves from this difficult position, but after another twenty moves, I was clearly winning. My opponent was also desperately short of time.

White to move
Havrilla -- Stripes 2025

Five moves later, my pawn was sitting a2, I had my queen near to hand, and my opponent's clock expired.

In Donner's first game with Milic, he spent an hour on this position.

Black to move
Milic -- Donner 1950

Stockfish 17 favors the move that he played, 22...Rg8, but he suggested several others as better, writing without the benefit of computer analysis in 1950. Nonetheless, his advantage began to slip away and the clock also had become an issue by the time Milic had a clear advantage.

This loss and the draw that followed led Donner to offer what became an inspirational quote for me after Mark's postgame comment.
I love all positions. Give me a difficult positional game, I'll play it. Give me a bad position, I'll defend it. Openings, endgames, complicated positions and dull, drawn positions, I love them all and will give them my best efforts. But totally winning positions I cannot stand. (19)
Later in the same paragraph is the statement that I used as an epigraph last week while annotating an ending where imperfect play on both sides gave me drawing chances that I missed, followed by my opponent missing his winning chances, and eventually the draw falling into my lap (see "Comedy of Errors"): "It is much better, in fact, to play an objectively less correct game but to be able to win once you've got a winning position" (19).






28 May 2025

Comedy of Errors

It is much better, in fact, to play an objectively less correct game but to be able to win once you've got a winning position.
J.H. Donner, "On the Justice of Chess" (1950), rpt. The King: Chess Pieces (2006), 19.

White to move

White clearly has a winning advantage. After ten moves, the advantage is still there.

White to move

White struggled to find the correct plan to bring home the full point. The correct idea is to march the king to a7 in order to activate the rook. See a discussion of this idea in "Knowledge".

52.f4??=

52.Kg2 Ra2+ 53.Kf1 Kg6 54.Ke1+-

52...Ra2 53.Ra7 Kh6??

Black also seems to be confused about the demands of the position.

53...Kg6 was necessary.

54.f5+- Ra3 55.Ra8 Kh7 56.Ra7 Kh6 57.Ra8 Kh7 

White to move
58.a7??=

This move clarifies matters for Black. Moreover, the correct plan mentioned above is no longer an option. White's only hope is that Black will err.

58...Ra2 59.g4 Ra3+ 60.Kg2

Black to move
60...hxg4??

60...Ra2+ holds. White's king cannot both find refuge from checks and prevent Black from getting a passed pawn that becomes a queening threat. But, Black's haste to get a passed pawn here was a critical error.

To Black's credit, he now knew that his position was lost and what White should do to win. After nine more moves, the critical moment arrived.

White to move
70.f6??=

70.h6 would win. The f-pawn will deflect either the rook from it's critical spot behind the pawn, or the king from security against a skewer.

Although the draw is now assured, the game continued for another 20 moves. I was Black and played this game this morning online at ten minutes for the game.

19 May 2025

The Sidebar

Chess Skills was started in 2007. At the time, most readers accessed the content on a regular computer. Now, more and more use mobile devices, which often deprives them of access to the sidebar. It contains much that is useful: a link to my self-published books, links to posts that are receiving traffic, an archive list, an index of topics, and links to other sites.

Particularly useful for some of my regular visitors are the links concerning scholastic chess in Washington state where I coach and work as an event organizer.

There is also a contact form for those who would like to email a personal communication to me.


Alas, many of the links, especially to blogs, are no longer active. This morning, I'm spending some time eliminating dead links and adding a few new ones. I'm keeping a few blogs on the list that are no longer active because they offer good content.

18 May 2025

Seek the Truth

Many years ago I was going through a game played by two others at the Spokane Chess Club with the one who lost the game. We were looking for improvements in his play when his opponent stopped by, stating, "but, this is what happened in the game." That player who won that game never got his rating substantially above where it was then. The other player continued to improve. Both of them have far better records against me than anyone else rated 500 points lower, but that's another story.

Yesterday, at the Inland Empire Open, my second round opponent resigned at move 22. In the post game analysis, our task was to find his errors and improve upon them rather than celebrate my performance. Analyzing with Steve and other opponents is also one of the central pleasures of weekend chess tournaments.

In 2006, Steve and I tied for first in the Reserve (u1700) section of the Washington Challenger's Cup. It was my first significant success in a weekend Swiss (see "My Chess Journey"). Our game in that event had one of the longest chess moves ever played in one of my games--his 37 minutes and my 23 minutes. The last time we played, two years ago, the game was even until he made an endgame error (see "Bishop vs. Knight").

Stripes,James (1831) -- Brendemihl,Steve (1557) [A80]
Inland Empire Open Spokane (2), 17.05.2025

1.d4 f5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Bg5 e6 4.e4 h6?!

4...fxe4 5.Nxe4 Be7 6.Bxf6 Bxf6 is the normal continuation.

White to move

5.Bxf6 Qxf6 6.Nf3

6.exf5 appears in several games.
6.e5 Qf7 7.h4 d6 8.Nf3 Nc6 9.Bb5 Bd7 10.Qe2 0-0-0 11.0-0-0 and White won after a long struggle 1-0 Melkumyan,H (2640) -- Kamsky,G (2623) Titled Tuesday intern op 27th Feb Late Chess.com INT blitz 2024.

6...Bb4 7.exf5 Bxc3+

7...0-0 was worth considering 8.fxe6 Bxc3+ 9.bxc3 d6 White is slightly better.

8.bxc3

Black to move

8...exf5N

I expected 8...Qxf5, which my database shows me was played in a short draw in 2015.

8...0-0 is probably best 9.fxe6 Qxe6+ 10.Qe2 Qf7 11.Ne5 Qf6 12.Qf3 (White should have played 12.Qc4+ d5 13.Qxd5+ Be6 14.Qxe6+ Qxe6 15.Bc4) 12...d6 13.Bc4+ Be6 14.Qxf6 Rxf6 15.d5 Bf5 16.Nd3 Nd7 and Black won in 76 moves 0-1 Naegeli,O -- Diemer,E SUI-ch 57th Thun 1956.

9.Bc4 d6 10.0-0

White has a comfortable game

10...Nc6

10...Kf8 is a computer recommendation. 11.Re1 g5 12.Re3 f4 13.Re2

11.Re1+ Ne7

11...Kf8

12.Qe2

12.Qd3 might be better 12...g5 13.Re2 Rh7 (13...g4 14.Rae1 gxf3 15.Rxe7+ Qxe7 16.Rxe7+ Kxe7 17.Qe3+ Kd8 18.Qxf3+-) 14.h3 g4 15.hxg4 Rg7 16.Rae1 and White is slightly better.

12...Kd8

12...g5 and I might have played 13.d5 to open d4 for my knight.

White to move

13.Rad1!+/=

A move that the computer likes better after seeing it played.

13...Re8 14.Ne5

Hope chess: take my knight, please. 14.Bb3 is probably better.

14...d5

14...c6 15.Bf7 (15.Nf7+? Kc7) 15...Rf8 16.Bh5 Kc7 and Stockfish wants to sacrifice the knight
14...-- I had this fantasy 15.Nf7+ Kd7 16.Be6+ Kc6 17.Qc4+ Kb6 18.Rb1+ Ka5 19.Qb5#

15.Bb3

Before placing my knight on e5, I thought I could play 15.Bxd5 Nxd5 16.Nc6+ but after my opponent's move. I saw that 16...Qxc6 protects the rook.

Black to move

15...c6

It was difficult to find an improvement for Black at this point in the game. White's advantage is clear and the moves come easy.

15...a5 16.a3

16.c4+- Be6

16...dxc4 17.Bxc4 Kc7 18.d5+-

17.cxd5 Nxd5 18.Qd2

I almost played 18.c4?? Nc3 19.Qd2 Nxd1 20.Bxd1 and White may have compensation for the material wantonly thrown away.

18.Bxd5 Bxd5 19.c4 Bf7 20.d5+-

18...Kc7 19.c4

Black to move

19...Ne7

We looked at 19...Nb6 20.Qa5 Kc8 21.c5 Bxb3 22.axb3 Nd5 and White does not seem to have much of an attack, even though Black's positional difficulties remain.

20.d5 Red8

20...Rad8 21.Qa5+ Kb8 22.dxe6+-
20...cxd5 21.cxd5 Bxd5 22.Bxd5 Rad8 23.Qc1+ Kb8 24.Bf7+-

21.d6+ Kb8

We looked at 21...Kc8 22.dxe7 Qxe7 23.Qxd8+ (23.Ng6 is better) 23...Qxd8 24.Rxd8+ Kxd8 25.Nxc6+ White is a piece to the good.

White to move

22.dxe7!

It's nice to be able to play such a move. Black resigned.

22.dxe7 Rxd2 (22...Re8 23.Qd6+ Kc8 24.Nxc6; 22...Qxe7 23.Qxd8+ Qxd8 24.Rxd8+ Bc8 25.c5) 23.e8Q+ Kc7 (23...Rd8 24.Rxd8+ Kc7 25.Rxa8) 24.Qxa8
1-0

16 May 2025

Two Endings from Informant

Yesterday, I put one of my stronger students through five endings from Chess Informant 163. They proved challenging. This morning, I had three candidate moves for number six. I rejected the move played in the game, but chose the wrong one of the other two.

White to move and win
From Putnam,L.--Kaliksteyn,A., New York 2025

After some discussion concerning efforts that did not work, I found how Anton Korobov drew against Bogdan Deac.

Black to move

 How would you play these two endings?

15 May 2025

Some Problems in the French

This position has arisen perhaps a dozen times in master play.

Black to move
The most recent instance of this position was in Lu,M.--Svane,F., Wijk aan Zee 2025. Svane played 10...dxc4. In ChessBase Mega 2024, Black has played this move seven times, limiting White's score to 42.9%.

10...c6 is more common and was suggested as better by Milos Perunovic in Chess Informant 163/104.

10...Bf4 appears four times in CB Mega, including in a blitz game, Topalov,V.--Nepomniachtchi,I., Zagreb 2022, which was drawn in 70 moves. In none of these games did White play 11.cxd5, which Stockfish 17 recommends.

This position appears in 35 games in ChessBase Mega 2024.

Black to move
The most popular replies have been:

a) 10...Bd7
b) 10...Qb6
c) 10...O-O

Black has not done well with Stockfish's top choice.

This position occurs with some frequency.

Black to move
Black has two ways to capture the pawn on c5, or the capture can be postponed. What are the merits of each of the main options?

a) 9...Bxc5
b) 9...Nxc5
c) 9...Qa5

Bonus Positions


What would you play?

Black to move
From Gukesh,D.--Harikrishna,P., Wijk aan Zee 2025, CI 163/105

Black to move
From Tabatabaei,M.--Mamedyarov,S., Deutschland 2025, CI 163/108



14 May 2025

Tough Choices

Reading is central to my life. Last night, I finished John Steinbeck, Tortilla Flat (1935) and placed an order for In Dubious Battle (1936). I am working through all of Steinbeck's books in order of publication. Herman Melville, The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade (1857), which I started appropriately on 1 April, is slower going.

I also read chess books and usually more than one at a time. I bought the first edition of Dvoretsky's Endgame Manual (2003) within a year of its first publication and later acquired the second edition on my Kindle app, a second copy of the first edition in Chessbase format, and the fifth edition. Dvoretsky's book has served as an indispensable endgame resource and frequently the first of my many endgame books that I open when I want to understand something. As I wrote in late-April, the chapter on rook endings is part of my regular work at present (see "Working through Dvoretsky").

After racing through 300 Most Important Chess Positions (2018) in 74 days from December to March, the sequel, 300 Most Important Tactical Chess Positions (2020) has on a table in the living room, on my desk, or in a chess bag as I am beginning a slower process of working through it.

Some newer books are offering me tough choices or distractions from focus.

Think Like a Super-GM (2022) by Michael Adams and Philip Hurtado joined my chess book collection on 1 May. I took it with me on a trip that weekend (see "Think Like a Super-GM"). When I returned home, I set up the second position on the dining room table, looked at it some with neither a note pad nor discipline and focus. I had to remove it from the table in preparation for hosting a family get together on Mother's Day.

I remain a subscriber and occasional reader of Chess Informant, which now serves class players as well as it served masters in the days before ready access to recent games that came with the internet. I referenced an opening article from CI 162 in "When preparation meets opportunity", showing a game where I beat a player gambling with the Budapest.

At Spring Break Chess Camp, Jim Maki was using a lot of challenging checkmate problems with the young players. In a conversation about sources for such exercises after one of the sessions, I immediately remembered Anthology of Chess Problems, 2nd ed. (2021), a reissue of the anthology published in the 1990s by Milan Velimirovic and Marjan Kovacevic. I took it to camp the next day to show Maki, and brought it again to the youth tournament that Saturday when Maki and I were working the analysis table. It was with me during chess lessons with young players the following week. The mate in twos that begin the book are challenging enough to keep me busy far longer than I am likely to invest in the effort.

Two days ago, another book arrived that I bought not only because the topic is interesting, but also because I really liked the cover art by Kallia Kleisarchaki.

Cyrus Lakdawala takes on the task of ranking chess players past and present in The Greatest (2025). No one will agree with his rankings, of course, because the topic remains more interesting so long as chess enthusiasts enjoy arguing with any and every list ever constructed.

Naturally, I immediately found fault with his chronology that begins with Philidor. Giulio Cesare Polerio's innovations and Gioachino Greco's improvements on those innovations remain underappreciated in chess history. Nonetheless, I find no fault either with his top four, nor with the sequence he offers. I also find his defense of the arrangement logical and compelling. Numbers five and six were the focus of Chess Skills for two months in 2021. 

After his "Classical Era Top Tier List", Lakdawala lists twenty criteria that informed his list. The Greatest will be earning more of my attention in the coming days and weeks and I work through at least some of the 80 games that Lakdawala selected to develop the theme of chess greatness.

From time to time, I am still also working through P.H. Clarke, 100 Soviet Chess Miniatures (1963). It might be how I take my coffee in the morning if not for always playing at least two words games with my wife on our iPads--Scrabble and Words with Friends.

12 May 2025

Masters Err Too

After some dubious choices in the late opening and early middle game, I was being punished. White has a decisive advantage and is preparing the knockout blow. It was a ten minute game and we both had plenty of time remaining.

White to move

FM Roar Elseth -- Stripes,J [C03]
Live Chess Chess.com, 09.05.2025

33.Rg8+

Good enough, but not best.

33.Ba7+! Ka8  34.Qxe4 Rxe4 35.Bb6 Rc4 36.Rg7 Be8+-
33.Qxe4 dxe4 34.Bb6 Rc6 35.Rg7!+-

33...Rc8 34.Ba7+

34.Qxe4 dxe4 35.Rg7 Be8 36.Bb6 h4+-

34...Ka8+- 35.Rxc8+?

From a decisive advantage to slightly better. This error solves some of Black's problems.

35.Rg7 Qxe3 36.Bxe3 Be8 37.Kg3+-

35...Bxc8+/-

White to move

36.Qc5?

Did my opponent overlook the check or underestimate it?

Better was 36.Bd4 Kb8 37.Qxe4 could lead to an interesting position (37.Qc3 offers winning chances). 37...dxe4 38.Kg3 Kc7 39.Kh4 Bd7 40.Kxh5 Bb5 41.Be3 Be2+ 42.Kg5 Bf3 43.h4

Black to move
Analysis diagram

43... Bg2 44.h5 Bh3=

36...Qxe5+= 37.Kh1 Qe4+ 38.Kg1 Qg6+ 39.Kh2 Qxf6 40.Bb6

White threatens checkmate.

Black to move

40...Qf4+ 41.Kg1 Bd7 42.Bc7

White used 40 seconds on this move, which renews a mate threat.

42...Qg5+ 43.Kf1 

If there is a refuge from checks, it may be in the center.

43...Bb5+ 44.Ke1 Qg1+ 45.Kd2 Qg5+

White to move

46.Ke1

Another 40 seconds were used here by my opponent.

46.f4 does not escape from my relentless queen. 46...Qg2+ 47.Kc1 Qf1+ 48.Kb2 Qe2+ 49.Kb3 Qc4+ forces the queens off the board.

46...Qg1+ 47.Kd2 Qg5+ 48.Ke1 Game drawn by repetition ½-½

I should have lost, but my opponent fell short and gave me a chance to force a draw.

03 May 2025

Think Like a Super-GM

I watched an excessively long video on YouTube concerning the best puzzle books. Nonetheless, the long discussion was often interesting. Most of the books highlighted are useful for masters, but less likely to benefit lower rated players. But there were some, such as the Polgar brick, that also earned accolades.

One of the top choices has proven difficult for strong players, but has improved their game. It reminded me of Jeremy Silman, The Amateur’s Mind because the thoughts of players at different levels were recorded, presented, and evaluated.

That book is Michael Adams, and Philip Hurtado, Think Like a Super-GM (2022). I ordered it Thursday morning, it arrived Thursday evening, and I took it with me on a weekend trip to Montana. I did the first exercise while eating breakfast.


I found the key move, but my analysis needs to go deeper to reach a correct evaluation.



24 April 2025

Working through Dvoretsky

Dvoretsky's Endgame Manual by Mark Dvoretsky, and now revised by Karsten Mūller, is reputed to be too difficult for most players below master. I was a C-Class player (~1500 USCF) when I bought and started studying the first edition of Dvoretsky's Endgame Manual (2003) the year after it came out. Several years later, perhaps about the time that I became A-Class (above 1800), I created cards for reviewing and training pawn endings--all of the blue diagrams in the first chapter. I would be lying if I claimed that I can instantly play correctly all 48 positions despite many hours with these cards, the print copy of the first edition, and the e-book edition of the second edition. However, I do know well at least 75% of these positions and this knowledge has served me well in many games.

I also created similar cards for the first 24 blue diagrams in the rook endgame chapter. These cards served as prompts for some endgame lessons with some young chess students during the spring break chess camp earlier this month (see "Stockfish's Curve Ball"). My difficulty with some of the positions convinced me that it was time to revisit the rook chapter of Dvoretsky's Endgamne Manual

I do not disagree with those who opine that the book is not aimed at players of my strength. However, I must insist that it depends on how you read. It might take me a month or longer to get through the 24 blue diagrams (now gray in the fifth edition [2020], the one revised by Mūller after Dvortsky's death). Some of my lessons with a student the past year had us working thorough all of the rook endings in Jesus de la Villa, 100 Endgames You Must Know, 4th ed. (2015) and then I worked through all the positions in Thomas Engqvist, 300 Most Important Chess Positions (2018)., which included a fair number of challenging rook endings. I believe that I'm ready for the advanced work in Dvoretsky.

I do not expect to get through the entire chapter on rook endgames. For the time being, however, I am pushing through carefully and slowly. Some days I study one or two positions. I read Dvoretsky's analysis and then practice many of the positions against Stockfish. 

Tuesday, I worked on exercise 9/4. First, I studied the diagram. Then, I set it up on my iPad and studied it longer. The clock started when I made my first move.

Playing against an engine usually presents information that play against humans never reveals. The engine presents its evaluation of the position. 

Black to move
I first considered 1...Ra6, but saw that White would force an exchange of rooks or win my pawn for no cost and leave me in a hopeless position of passive defense against a passed f-pawn.

Then, I considered putting my rook behind the king or the pawn, but saw that would fail.

The key was understanding that my king needed to move to the short side.

1...Kf8!

At first Stockfish on the iPad gave the evaluation as 2.6, but that quickly dropped and after several seconds, settled at 0.1. I knew my move was correct.

2.Rb6 Ra1 3.Rxf6 Kg8

Short side is the only move that holds.

4.Re6 Kf8

Rg1+ is also okay. Occupation of the promotion square should be sought when possible, moving to the short side when forced by checks or mate threats.

5.Rb6 Rf1

Alternately, Black can play 5...Rg1+ 6.Kf6 Kg8

6.Rb8+ Ke7 7.Rb7+

The point of 5...Rf1 was that f6+ would be met with Rxf6+.

8.Rb2

Black to move
Matters remain critical: Black must hold the rook on the f-file, move the king to e7 again, or throw in a check that leads to a mate threat and then retreat to the short side.

8...Rf3 9.Rb8+ Kf8 10.Rb7+ Kf8 11.Rf7+ Kg8 12.Rg7+

Black to move
12...Kh8

This move holds, but the defense might be easier after 12...Kf8. For instance, 13.Rh7 Rg3+ 14.Kf6 Kg8

13.Re7 Rg3+

Only move.

14.Kf7 Ra3

Now, I was forced to return the rook to the long side.

15.Rc7 Ra1 16.Kg6

Black to move
16...Rg1+

Again, there was only one move that held.

17.Kf6 Ra1 18.Kf7

The pawn's advance can no longer be prevented, but it cannot yet advance far enough for victory.

18...Ra2 19.f6

Black to move
19...Kh7

This move was necessary with an important idea that is revealed in the next few moves.

20.Re7 Ra3 21.Rd7 Ra2 22.Ke6+

Black to move
22...Kg6

This move--a vital defensive resource--was only possible because of 19...Kh7. 22...Kh6 also holds, but I did not consider it as threatening the pawn should the king step away seems best.

22...Kg8 loses to a technique that is easy to learn. 23.Rd8+ Kh7 24.f7. With the rook controlling the promotion square, White's king deals with checks from the rear by marching towards Black's rook. When the checks run out, the pawn promotes.

23.Rd6 Re2 24.Kd5 Kf7

24...Rd2+ seems simpler.

25.Rd7+ Kxf6=

Exercise 9/5 proved more difficult. I needed quite a few take backs to find my way.

White to move
The position appears at least twice in ChessBase's Mega 2024. Dvoretsky references Rohde,M. -- Cramling,D., Innsbruck 1977, where Rohde was not successful in winning. 

Dvoretsky also mentions analysis of the position by Nikolay Kopaev. I am able to find this analysis in Harold van der Heijden's Endgame Study Database VI (2020), but not volume 5 of Comprehensive Chess Endings by Yuri Averbakh and Kopaev.

"White wins, but with some hard work," Dvoretsky writes (398).

Dvoretsky's Endgame Manual is indeed challenging, but it is not out of reach for a class player looking for instructive practice against the silicon beasts.



22 April 2025

When preparation meets opportunity

The expression, "luck is when preparation meets opportunity", is often credited to Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger (c. 4 BCE-65CE), but has not been sourced to any of his writings. Another version, credited to several golfers ("the harder I practice, the luckier I get") has been tracked by Quote Investigator, who finds the sentiment was around before any of the golfers credited had been born. The Yale Book of Quotations (2006), ed. Fred R. Shapiro offers, "Luck is the residue of design" from Sporting News (21 Feb. 1946), quoting baseball executive Branch Rickey.

Whatever, the origins of the phrase, the concept has merit. Yesterday, I faced the Budapest Gambit in a ten minute game after having spent part of Sunday reading Vassilios Kotronias, "Budapest Gambit: Repertoire for White" in Chess Informant 162, 49-59. Perhaps it was luck, then, that I was better prepared than my opponent.

Stripes,J. -- Internet Opponent (1459) [A52]
Live Chess Chess.com, 21.04.2025

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Ng4 4.Bf4 Nc6 5.Nf3 Bb4+ 6.Nc3 Bxc3+ 7.bxc3

All so far as recommended by Vassilios Kotronias in Chess Informant 162. He offers another option at move 4 also, but Bf4 is his top choice.

Black to move

7...0-0?

Four games in CB Mega 2024

7...Qe7 is Black's normal move, which White meets with 8.Qd5 and possibly a slight advantage.

8.h3

Of course.

8...Nh6 9.e4

My move appears to be inaccurate. I considered 9.Qd2 Qe7 (I wanted to prevent 9...Nf5 but it can be met with 10.e4 [10.Nd4 is better 10...Ncxd4 11.cxd4] 10...Nh4 11.Nd4 Qe7 12.0-0-0+/=) 10.g4 d6 11.exd6 Qe4 12.dxc7 Qxc4 13.Bg2 Re8 14.Bxh6 gxh6 15.0-0 Qe6 16.Rfe1 Qe7 17.Qxh6 Qf8 18.Qxf8+ Rxf8 1-0 Anand,V (2786) -- Boffman (1517) Anand Charity sim ICC INT 2007. 

9...Re8N

9...f6 10.exf6 Qxf6 11.Bxc7 Qxc3+ 12.Nd2 with a slight advantage for White.

White to move

10.Qd2

10.Bg5! was a missed opportunity 10...f6 11.exf6 Nf7 12.Bh4 and a clear advantage for White.

10...f6?!

10...d6 11.0-0-0! (11.Bd3? Nxe5 12.Nxe5 dxe5 13.Bxh6 gxh6=) 11...dxe5 12.Qxd8 Nxd8 13.Nxe5 f6 14.Nd3 and White is somewhat better.

11.Bxh6

This move struck me as better after 10...f6, but I could have played 11.c5!

11...gxh6 12.Qxh6

Black to move

12...fxe5

12...Nxe5 was Black's last chance to put up a struggle. 13.0-0-0 Nf7 14.Qh4

13.c5! Re6? 14.Bc4+- d5 15.cxd6 cxd6 16.Bxe6+ Bxe6 17.Qxe6+ Kf8

White to move

18.0-0 Qe7 19.Qh6+ Qg7 20.Qxd6+ White won by resignation 1-0

18 April 2025

Stockfish's Curve Ball

During chess camp last week in a session ambitiously called "advanced rook endgames", I had the students choose a position from a stack of cards that were face down. These cards have 24 endgame diagrams, some of which specify the side to move. One of those they chose, I had regarded as reasonably simple. I set it up in the Fritz GUI with Stockfish 16 loaded as the main engine, and we (the students with my guidance) played it against Stockfish.

The engine defied Dvoretsky, who wrote, "Black's rook must remain passive, staying on the eighth rank" (Dvoretsky's Endgame Manual. 5th ed. [2020], 161). I explained to the students what I recalled of Dvoretsky's explanation, and drew the arrows visible in the diagram.

White to move
From my lead, the students chose the first move well.

1.Rb7 Rd8 2.Rh7

Only after struggling against the engine's surprising response did we come to understand that 2.Rg7+ is better.

2...Rd6!

3.f7 is not possible. We tried 3.Rg7+ Kf8 4.Rh7 Kg8 and realized something else was needed.
3.Re7 Kf8 confused us, although it should not have.
After 3.Rb7 Rd8, we felt that our progress was still missing something.

After several trials and error, we found the correct idea.

3.Rg7+ Kf8 4.Ra7 Rd8 5.Rh7

Black to move
Now Black must allow either the skewer or f7+ followed by the skewer.

Playing several Lucena positions against Stockfish over the past few years, I've learned that the engine often diverges from the line given in the textbook. Often this complicates the solution and the human must solve a problem.

These curve balls are why computer training is valuable.

04 April 2025

Remarkable King Pursuit

While exploring with a student some variations in a game with a dynamic imbalance yesterday, we came upon this position with Black to move.

At first it was surprising that the engine found the position equal. Then, we saw 34...Qa1+ 35.Kg2 f3+ 36.exf3 and Black forces stalemate with 36...Qg1+ (or h1).

Two lines needed more examination:

a) 35.Kh2 fxg3+ 36.Kxg3

Black to move
36...Qg1+ 37.Kf4 Qxf2+ 38.Ke5 and Black's queen should be able to continue checks until there is a repetition or the queen is captured by the king without blocking the bishop's control of h7 nor the rook's control of the g-file.

b) 36.Kxf3 Qh1+ 37.Kf4

Black to move
Here, Stockfish 16 favors 37...Qc1+, but I like the simple aesthetics of 37...Qf3+, which is easier to calculate. Two moves result in stalemate--capturing the queen with pawn or king. 38.Ke5 drops the rook and shifts the advantage to Black. That leaves 38.Kg5 and Black has a mate in two: stalemate, that is.